Definiton of Computers and Their Functions – Computers are? Understanding computers according to experts Types of types, functions and also components of computer components COMPLETE!
As we all know, computers are electronic devices that are a means for humans to facilitate activities. Many notions of computers with several different points of view of each person.
In this article, we will discuss computers, the following presentations will be discussed, namely the definition of computer research, the definition of computer networks, the understanding of computer systems, the understanding of computers according to experts and the development of computers. Here’s below:
What is a Computer?
According to Blissmer (1985), the definition of a computer is an electronic device that is used to manage data based on formulated instructions, such as receiving inputs, processing inputs, storing files and commands, and providing outputs in the form of information.
The use of the word computer is taken from the Latin “computaire” which means to count. So that in simple terms a computer can also be interpreted as a tool for calculating arithmetic.
A computer device generally consists of two components, namely software components in the form of operating systems and application applications, and hardware components composed of processors, hard drives, VGA, motherboards and Ram.
With this computer device, you can type documents, send e-mails, play games and browse the web. Is it clear enough? Here we also explain about computer networks and computer systems.
Then what is a computer network? Come on, let’s discuss one-on-one, the first one is what is a network? A network is an operating system consisting of various computers that have connections between computers from one another. While the definition of a computer is a tool used to access or manipulate information or data.
So that the definition of a computer network is a collection of a number of computer terminals that are used to obtain or search for information consisting of two or more computers that are connected to each other through a transitional medium.
In addition, the definition of a computer network is a tool that is more than one with cables connected to each other computer, with a maximum to connect either to channel data or others.
Then for the definition of a computer system is a collection of computer devices that are interconnected and interact with each other to carry out the data processing process, so that they can produce information expected by their users.
Understanding Computers According to Experts
Sample computer image
Some definitions of computers according to experts are as follows:
- Donald H. Sanders stated that a computer is an electronic system for manipulating data quickly and precisely and designed and organized to automatically receive and store input data, process it and produce output under the supervision of a step of program instructions stored in memory.
- Elias M Awad stated that a computer is a calculating device that processes the data presented in the form of discrete or digital data and continuous or analog data.
- Fouri argues that a computer is a data processing tool capable of performing large amounts of calculations quickly, including logical and arithmetic operations without humans interfering.
- Garry b Shelly & Randoplh E Gunter states that a computer is an electronic device, operating under the control of instructions stored in memory, which can receive data, process data according to established rules, produce results.
- Gordon B. Davis stated that computers are a special type of counting tool that has certain properties.
- Jhon J. Longkutoy, states that computers are problem solvers or data processors that can generate the necessary information.
- June Parsons argues that computers are versatile devices that accept inputs, process data, store data and extract outputs, all according to a series of instructions in storage.
- Larry Long & Nancy Long states that a computer is an electronic calculating device capable of interpreting and executing programmatic commands for input, output, calculation and logical operations.
- Robert H Blissmer stated that a computer is an electronic device that is able to perform several tasks, including receiving inputs, processing inputs according to programs, storing commands and hasi from processing and providing outputs in the form of information.
- C. Hamacher. Z. G. Vranesic. S. G. Zaky argues that a computer is an electronic counting machine that can quickly receive digital input information, process it according to a program stored in memory and produce an information output.
- William M. Fouri stated that a computer is a data processing tool that can perform large and fast calculations, including large arithmetic calculations or logical operations, without the intervention of human operations during processing.
The Main Components of a Computer
Broadly speaking, the electronic components contained in computer systems include input, process and output components. The three of them are divided into several sub-components, namely hardware, software and brainware.
Here is a complete explanation of what are the components of the constituent components on a standard computer device.
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Input Components
The input component on a computer device consists of hardware that functions as an instruction / command provider on a computer. Among the components of the input components include:
- Mouse, this tool has a function to connect brainware with the monitor screen. In addition, the mouse also acts as the main control of the computer scroll which is used to give commands in the form of klick and slide.
- Keyboard, this second component has a function to provide commands in the form of certain shorcut shortcuts and alphanumeric writing on computer devices.
- Trackpad, this component is generally located on a notebook / laptop type computer. Its function is almost the same as that of the mouse except that it is square and flat in shape.
- Scanner, this one tool plays a role in scanning physical images that you want to convert into an image file on your computer.
- Microphone, this component serves to provide input in the form of sound on your computer device.
- Fan ( Fan) , this device serves to provide temperature stability on the computer so that it does not overheat.
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Process Components
Unlike the input components, these process components are almost all located in the brainware (CPU) of your computer. The process component functions as a data processing medium and processes commands given by the user.
The command is then processed by this device until it produces output according to the instructions given. Among the components of the process components on the computer are the following:
- Motherboard, this component is shaped like a board board that becomes a medium / container for all existing computer component parts. The motherboard is also the parent of all devices and commands that the user gives to the computer.
- Processor, You could say this device is the brain of a computer. This component serves as a data processing chip that is on the computer.
- Hard Disk / SSD card, this device acts as a place to store all files and all interpretations needed by the computer. The difference between a hard disk and an SSD card lies in the speed of data processing where the SSD card is faster in processing data.
- RAM (Memory), this device is hardware that acts as a place to store data and temporary instructions on a computer.
- VGA (Video Graphics Adapter), a tool often known as a graphics card, functions to translate the display to the monitor screen based on the existing resolution. VGA Cards are usually onboard (so one with the motherboard) or off board (separate from the motherboard and connected using a port cable.
- Power Supply (PSU), this tool is the source of power needed by a computer device to work. A power supply is a medium that provides a source of electric current needed for a computer to operate.
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Output Components
The output component is a device that functions to display information from each instruction / command that has been received and processed by the computer. Some of the output components are as follows:
- Monitor Screen, this tool is the main component of the computer that functions to display every information on your computer.
- Printer, this component functions as a medium to print files / documents on your computer into a physical form.
- Speakers, this device plays a role in providing audio / sound output on your computer device.
- UPS, UPS devices have a function to provide (back up) temporary electrical energy when there is a power failure in your computer’s electricity.
Also Read: Definition of Ultrasonic Sensors and How They Work
Types of Computer Types
Along with the development of information technology, computers have also experienced a significant development. Some types of existing types of computers are as follows.
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Desktop Computer
Desktop computer type is a computer device that is composed of a CPU, monitor and other external device devices such as keyboards, mice, speakers. You can find an example of a desktop computer in an internet café.
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Notebook Computer (Laptop)
This second type can be regarded as a portable computer. Notebooks have a CPU that is one with the monitor screen. The characteristic of this notebook is that it has a keyboard and Trackpad that are one with the device.
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Palmtop Computer
Palmtop computer is a minicomputer device that has a small size. But in the era of smartphones like today, the use of palmtop computers is very rarely encountered.
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Handbook (Subnotebook)
A handbook is a computer with a shape resembling a laptop but has a smaller size. The specifications embedded in these computers are generally lower compared to laptops.
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PLC computer
Programmable Logic Controllers or PLCs are minicomputers specifically designed to replace sequential relay circuits in a control system. This computer has a small size compared to other existing computer computers.
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Server Computer
This type of computer generally has very capable specifications. As the name implies, a server computer is a type of computer that is used as a server to provide computer power through a local area network or via the internet.
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Super Computer
Supercomputer is a term for computer devices that have very high specifications. A supercomputer is a single computer system that works in parallel. Generally, supercomputers are used for industrial needs because they have very high specifications in processing data.
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Mainframe
This latest type is arguably a giant computer. The very large size of the mainframe sometimes requires one special room to place it. Mainframes were first used in the post-World War II era by the US Department of Defense. But since there are server computers, mainframes are now rarer.
Computer Functions
The main function of computer devices is as a tool to process and process data in order to produce information output according to the user’s wishes (brainware). The output is generally in the form of image files, text, audio, video, graphics, programs, etc.
As for the other uses of computers, you can see at the point point that we review below:
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Data Storage
The first function of the computer is as data storage. You can use your computer as a medium for storing your personal data / files such as storing images, documents, applications, and other file files.
You can store various kinds of digital data on the hard drive / SSD card attached to your computer device.
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Data Input
In addition to being a storage medium, computers can also act as input data. A computer is able to receive data / information from users and other external devices (mouse, keyboard, pendrive, hard drive, ssd, etc.).
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Data Processing
The next function of a computer is as data processing. You can process various data and information to be converted into output according to your wishes. The data can be in the form of images, document text, videos, etc.
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Data Output
The next use of a computer is to produce output in the form of information that has been processed before. The output of this information can be displayed through the monitor screen, audio speakers or your printer depending on the type of information file that exists.
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Data Movement
The next function is as a medium to transfer digital data. You can transfer files from one computer to another with the help of an existing external device.
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Means of Communication
In addition to some of the functions above, computers also have uses as a means of digital communication. You can use a computer to exchange information through email, chat applications, social media, and also other communication software.
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Supporting Work Activities
In addition to being a means of digital communication, computers are also devices that can support your work, especially in the field of information technology. Computers can be used to create documents, programs, video editing, and other work activities.
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Opening Up Business Opportunities
Through a computer device, you can also open up online business opportunities there. Supported by the internet network, you can use computers for online selling media, logo editing activities, videos, and other online business businesses,
From the description of the meaning and function of computers explained above, it can be concluded that computers play an important role in all human activities. Hopefully, readers can understand and understand the article about computers above. Thank you for listening so well..
